Biossegurança no atendimento odontológico frente a pandemia do novo coronavírus: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Sars-cov-2 is a high-risk individual and community virus that easily spreads continuously among people. The transmission routes of COVID-19 include direct transmission, either through coughing, sneezing or even contact with oral, nasal and ocular mucosa. In addition, it was found that the virus can be transmitted from person to person through direct or indirect contact with saliva and fluids. The current experience has led to changes in dentistry, significantly changing the form of care and the routine of dental offices. The present study reviewed the adopted biosafety protocols and the guidelines of the regulatory entities based on the current pandemic scenario, aiming to point out the risks of exposition for dentists, due to their routine in dental clinics, and the constant contact with the public. An exploratory literature review was carried out, based in the selection of articles published in the last 10 years, indexed to the SciELO and PubMed databases. The dental environment is considered to be of high risk when transmitting the coronavirus, given the proximity between professional and patient, the production of aerosols, and contact with saliva during care. Rigorous biosafety measurements aim to minimize the risks for professionals and patients, being essential the adoption of care such as the use of personal protective equipment, the cleaning and disinfection of the environment and the control of local ventilation