Fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares em adolescentes: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The chronic degenerative diseases are the leading causes of death and illness in Brazil. During adolescence, many health risk behaviors are adopted, having a significant impact on future occurrence of morbidities. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe in detail how the current standard of living of young people and their behavioral factors are associated with risk factors triggering of cardiovascular disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This review of literature used to search the databases: MEDLINE, LILACS and SCIELO. The descriptors used were adolescent, risk behavior, disease and cardiovascular, with specific combination of Boolean operators “and”, for lifting articles both in the Portuguese language as English. Were included articles published between the years 2005 and 2015. RESULTS: They were selected 20 studies addressing the risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents, their epidemiology and social aspects of this age group. Most of these studies stressed the importance that food has in lifestyle of adolescents, considering how risk behavior consumption of alcoholic beverages and smoking. A sedentary lifestyle is closely linked to obesity and waist circumference these adolescents. CONCLUSION: Stay exposed through this study that the lifestyle habits of adolescents might trigger risks of acquiring cardiovascular morbidity in adulthood. Obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking and alcohol consumption were the main issues to be taken preventive measures. The periodic control of that epidemiology is of paramount importance in the development of safe conduct on the part of the population.