Avaliação do padrão respiratório de crianças e adolescentes atendidos na clínica odontológica da Asces Unita

Abstract

To identify the respiratory pattern of children and adolescents attended in the dental clinics I and II of higher education institution, as well as to identify the occlusal disorders and oral habits most frequent in patients with mouth breathing. Methodology: An assessment of the breathing pattern of children between 4 and 12 years of age attended at the dental clinic of a Centro Universitário Tabosa de Almeida (ASCES-UNITA)/ Caruaru-PE was carried out through the analysis of medical records, whose patients underwent consultation and/or were in dental care from 2017 to 2019. Results: The study showed prevalence of nasal breathing pattern (69.9%), followed by oronasal breathing (35.3%); there was a significant association between the breathing pattern and each oral habit, with onicophagy as the most prevalent habit. As for the occlusal characteristics, the open bite was less prevalent for those with nasal breathing pattern. Discussion:Oral breathing appears with balanced occurrence in both genders, but with frequency and duration predominant in the male gender. The literature shows onicofagia as the most common habit in school age patients, data that agree with the present study, as well as open bite as a common alteration in individuals with oral and oronasal breathing. Conclusion: The data found were close to the literature relating the respiratory type, oral habits and occlusion, important points to be studied by the dentist in order to diagnose and perform the proper treatment and referral for an effective and multidisciplinary approach.