Avaliação de sistemas de tratamento de água bruta utilizando macrófitas aquáticas flutuantes

Abstract

There are a set of different types of organisms living in harmony in Aquatic environment which perform a food chain cycle. The overdevelopment of one of them can change the cycle balance, causing environmental impacts. However, water bodies are capable of selfpurification, that is, rid itself pollutants and return to equilibrium. Due to self-purification, water bodies are the main form of wastewater and garbage disposal. The compounds considered pollutants, are energy sources (food) of some plants and / or microorganisms. These organisms, consume the pollutants and remove those compounds from the liquid mass (cleaning the water). From this perspective, this work aimed to evaluate the behavior of different aquatic macrophytes species in raw water. Thus, some analytical tests were performed, such as COD, pH, conductivity, turbidity, absorbance, alkalinity and biomass weighing. At first, an incensement of macrophytes mass was verified and in a second feed a reduction, which caused a significant increase of COD by the decomposing plant mass, especially to Pistia Strationes species. Salinity was increased due to evapotranspiration and evaporation, and alkalinity levels increased throughout the experiment favoring pH stability. It was noticed that the conditions created for the development of the plants were not sufficient to obtain good results, comparing to similar projects due to the retentionsupport that did not shown good results, as also the amount of raw water collected that was not enough for the experiment.